Understanding Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Why Retinal Imaging Matters

According to Macular Disease Foundation Australia, age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss, particularly among Australians aged over 50. While it can sound alarming, early detection and monitoring make a significant difference in preserving your vision. At Visionary Optical, we use state of the art optical coherence tomography (OCT) and retinal photography to help detect and track AMD, often before you notice any changes in your sight.

What is Age-Related Macular Degeneration?

AMD is a chronic, degenerative eye condition that affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision. This loss of central vision impacts activities such as reading, driving, and recognising faces. By itself, it does not cause total vision loss, as it does not impact peripheral vision.

Stages of Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

AMD progresses through three main stages: early, intermediate, and late. Each stage reflects the extent of damage to the macula and the corresponding impact on vision.

Early AMD In the early stage, small drusen (yellow deposits under the retina) may be present, but individuals typically experience no noticeable vision loss. Regular eye examinations are crucial at this stage to monitor any progression.

Intermediate AMD This stage is characterised by larger drusen and possible pigment changes in the retina. Some people may begin to notice mild vision problems, such as slight blurriness or difficulty seeing in low light conditions.

Late AMD Late stage AMD can be classified into two types

· Geographic Atrophy (Dry AMD): This form involves the gradual breakdown of light sensitive cells in the macula, leading to a slow but progressive loss of central vision.

· Neovascular AMD (Wet AMD): This more aggressive form is caused by the growth of abnormal blood vessels under the retina, which can leak fluid or blood, leading to rapid and severe vision loss. Early intervention is essential with wet AMD, which is why detecting it promptly through advanced imaging is so important.

Visualisation of how AMD affects vision

How Our Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and Retinal Photography Help

At our clinic, we use OCT and retinal imaging as powerful tools to monitor macular health.

OCT

Think of OCT as an ultrasound, but using light instead of sound. It provides high resolution, cross-sectional images of your retina. This allows us to:

· Identify early signs of AMD

· Monitor drusen or any fluid build up

· Detect changes in retinal thickness or structure

· Assess how well treatments are working in patients with wet AMD

Retinal Photography

Our digital retinal camera captures a detailed image of the surface of the retina. This is useful for documenting drusen and pigmentary changes in all stages of AMD.

Together, these technologies give us a comprehensive view of your macular health and help us create a tailored plan to protect your vision.

Be Proactive About Your Eye Health

If you’re over 50, have a family history of AMD, or have noticed any changes in your vision, don’t wait for symptoms to progress. Regular eye checks including OCT and retinal imaging are your best defense against preventable vision loss.